The idea of making mistakes and screwing things up is normally pretty grim. No one wants to be that person. But equally, none of us are perfect. So making mistakes is to be expected
This week we're discussing why making mistakes is not the disaster it might feel like, and also what you can do to recover quickly (and avoid your confidence being knocked) when it does
Key points from this episode
- Why normalising making mistakes is so important
- How making mistakes can be a good thing
- Practical tips for the times when you make mistakes
- Setting an example for your team about making mistakes
Useful Links
Connect with Pam on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/pamelalangancoaching/
Connect with Jacqui on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jacqui-jagger/
Follow the Catalyst Careers LinkedIn page for career tips and advice
Interested in working with us?
Get in touch about career or leadership development, outplacement workshops or recruitment support via the Catalyst Careers website
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Transcript
Hello and welcome to this week's episode.
2
:Today we are talking about making mistakes
because we know that we all make them
3
:and how we handle them really impacts
us as leaders and just in general.
4
:So what we're going to do today is
we're going to talk about some of
5
:the best practices and we're going
to talk about how you can own your
6
:mistakes and overcome them and really
get underneath of what went wrong
7
:and what you can do going forward.
8
:So you can kick us off, Jacqui.
9
:What do you do when you make a mistake?
10
:Jacqui: I think even before we talk
about that, it's important to just
11
:normalize that people do make mistakes.
12
:I think, for so many people, it feels,
if you make a mistake I've worked in
13
:HR the worst possible feeling is that
thing of somebody sent an email out
14
:with everybody's salary on, and in
every company I've worked for, either
15
:someone's done it or someone's known of
someone that's done it somewhere else.
16
:And so you always have mistakes
will always happen, but like you
17
:say, it's how that, how you handle
that, that really defines you.
18
:And I think that's a really important
point to make because the kind of
19
:prevailing message out there and the
feeling that we have is that there's
20
:something wrong with us if we make a
mistake and that's just not the case.
21
:I think just normalizing the fact
that mistakes happen and that people
22
:do make them is really important and
it doesn't say anywhere near as much
23
:about you as it does the way you
handle the mistakes that you make.
24
:Pam: Yeah, and that is a really good point
because I think we're so worried about
25
:making mistakes, but the only way that
we're actually going to learn anything
26
:is to make mistakes, to learn from them,
and then to move on from them as well.
27
:I think you're right.
28
:We do need to normalize that
it's okay to make mistakes.
29
:I just feel like we live in a
time and a place where, you know,
30
:making mistakes isn't something
that is actively encouraged.
31
:And when it happens, it does tend
to feel like the end of the world.
32
:And you go through so
many emotions, don't you?
33
:When you make a mistake, just the
thought now of, some of the things that
34
:happened, back in my corporate days,
and it makes you feel sick and you
35
:worry about your reputation and what
are people going to think about me?
36
:And you just spiral, don't you?
37
:And it's so hard, but it's
almost owning it, isn't it?
38
:And saying, yeah, I am going to
make mistakes because I am human.
39
:It doesn't define me as a person.
40
:Jacqui: And almost as well, pushing
it further even, I would argue.
41
:If you haven't made mistakes, if you
haven't had things go wrong, if you
42
:haven't had a time where what you hoped
for and wanted hasn't been the outcome
43
:that you've got, you're not pushing hard
enough, you are not stretching yourself.
44
:Because if you've genuinely never made
mistakes, you are spending your entire
45
:time operating within your comfort
zone, within the bounds of what you're
46
:already capable of and able to do
and confident to be able to deliver.
47
:So I would argue that actually if you look
back the last 12 months and can't think
48
:of any mistakes, then question yourself
of, am I operating in my comfort zone?
49
:Am I not putting myself out there enough?
50
:Am I not pushing, and that can
be for other reasons as well.
51
:It can be for, overwhelm and
workload and what have you, but.
52
:Yeah.
53
:For me, it's that piece of
just acknowledge that we are
54
:meant to learn from mistakes.
55
:We're meant to get things wrong.
56
:We're meant to get outcomes
that we didn't hope for.
57
:And if you don't ever have that, then
you're keeping yourself playing small.
58
:Pam: Yeah.
59
:That is actually a really good
point because you, if you are
60
:operating in your comfort zone, Then
you're not going to make mistakes.
61
:You're not going to grow.
62
:You're not going to push
yourself to that next level.
63
:And I do think that making the odd mistake
through growth or just through generally,
64
:making a mistake is actually okay.
65
:And what I always ask myself and
things that I'll always reflect on
66
:or things like, what did I learn?
67
:from this?
68
:What will I do differently going forward?
69
:And I suppose it's always about
looking for the learning, isn't it?
70
:Like when you make that mistake,
like what am I learning right now?
71
:What, what did I learn?
72
:Even if we're looking back and
reflecting on mistakes that we've
73
:made, it's what did I learn?
74
:I think most people bury mistakes.
75
:I don't think people.
76
:To reflect on mistakes.
77
:I could be wrong.
78
:I could just be talking from my
own opinion my own perspective.
79
:But I think if you make a mistake,
human nature is to bury it, get rid
80
:of it quickly, not think about it
again, hope that we can, do some
81
:damage limitation and just quickly
move on from it and forget about it.
82
:But that is where I think we're
making a huge mistake because it's a
83
:great opportunity to learn, isn't it?
84
:Jacqui: Love that point.
85
:Yeah, absolutely.
86
:And it's certainly not just you.
87
:I definitely have been in that place
and there's good reason for it.
88
:So your brain wants to keep you safe.
89
:And when you experience that kind
of heart in mouth moment where
90
:you just Oh God, what's happened?
91
:You recognize that you've, something's
gone wrong, the natural instinct, your
92
:brain wanting to keep you safe will
want to distance you from it, it will
93
:want to hide it, bury it, turn away
from it, not reflect on it, because
94
:reflecting on it brings up those
uncomfortable feelings and emotions again.
95
:So we are wired to want to try and avoid
those uncomfortable, unpleasant emotions.
96
:But you're absolutely right in itself.
97
:That is a huge mistake because then you
don't, you've still made the mistake and
98
:you haven't got the learning from it.
99
:Pam: Yeah, and I suppose
that's the issue, isn't it?
100
:Because if we can make mistakes
and learn and grow, then,
101
:we'll make different mistakes.
102
:We'll make better mistakes maybe in the
future as we are learning and growing.
103
:So I suppose that the key thing is when it
happens and it feels rubbish, doesn't it?
104
:When you have that realization
that you've made a mistake and you
105
:think, what the hell have I done?
106
:And you, I think you, you go
into panic mode, don't you?
107
:And you can't think straight
and all of these things start
108
:running through your mind.
109
:What are people going to think?
110
:What can I do?
111
:How can I fix it?
112
:Who's being impacted?
113
:Who's being affected?
114
:All of that stuff starts running
through your head and then.
115
:All of a sudden you can't think straight.
116
:You don't know how to fix it.
117
:And it's like, what do you do?
118
:Because sometimes I think when it
happens in work, especially you
119
:can't always talk to people about it.
120
:You haven't always got that
person that you can confide in
121
:or help you get it back on track.
122
:So what would you say the first thing
when you realize that and you start
123
:spiraling and feeling like the worst,
it's the worst thing in the world.
124
:What is the first thing that you would do?
125
:Jacqui: For me, the part of the, my
coaching framework when I'm talking
126
:about people as leaders is this, the
three options and three different ways
127
:that people need to show up as leaders.
128
:So you've got to lead yourself,
you've got to lead others, and
129
:you've got to lead the business.
130
:And lead yourself always comes
first, because until you are leading
131
:yourself well, you can't lead others
well, you can't lead the business.
132
:So job number one is you've got to
get yourself from that emotional
133
:state where all of that spiraling is
happened, is happening, where your
134
:focus is on how terrible it feels that
you've made this mistake and you've
135
:got to calm your nervous system and
get yourself to a place where you
136
:can then start to think logically.
137
:So, do not make Decisions do not rush
into things when you recognize that you're
138
:feeling those emotions, you've got to take
a breath and manage your own reaction to
139
:it, and then you can start to move to the
logical steps and the logical steps become
140
:quite obvious once you have calm yourself.
141
:First of all you've got to acknowledge
that it's happened and you've got to
142
:then understand, like you said, what
are the consequences of this mistake?
143
:You need to admit it and take
responsibility, but sometimes
144
:people will try and do that.
145
:And then the first thing that happens is
that somebody asks you the question of.
146
:What are the consequences, who's
impacted, all those other questions
147
:that you just rattled through.
148
:And so if you admit it and take
responsibility before you've given
149
:any thought to those things, you can
actually make the situation worse
150
:because you lose other people's
faith in you, but you don't have the
151
:ability to be in a place where you
can be part of a potential solution
152
:or fix or, rectify what's happened.
153
:So I would always say, don't admit
it and take responsibility and
154
:apologize necessarily immediately.
155
:Often, some of that other rational
thought needs to come first.
156
:So what is the mistake, what are
the consequences, who's impacted,
157
:and if you can, what would need to
happen to rectify it, are all good
158
:helpful thoughts before you tell other
people that you've made that mistake.
159
:Sometimes you have no choice,
sometimes other people know
160
:at the same time that you do.
161
:In an ideal world, if you become aware
of something and you know that you're
162
:going to have to fess up to it, do
some of that logical thinking first.
163
:Pam: Yeah, and I suppose as well, even
if it's sprung on you, even if other
164
:people know at the same time, or even if
somebody else brings it to your attention
165
:and you just think, oh my goodness, and
it again is taking that breath, isn't it?
166
:Taking that minute and even
just saying to somebody.
167
:Or, whoever's brought it to your attention
or whoever's looking for answers, let
168
:me have a look at this and come back
to you so that you can explore what's
169
:happened, where it's gone wrong, and
come up with some potential solutions.
170
:Obviously, depending on how business
critical it is, you might need to do
171
:that faster, you might have a little
bit more time, but you do need to push
172
:back and say let me just look into
this and let me see what happened.
173
:And almost suppose creating that process
before you've even made a mistake.
174
:So if you're thinking, I've
not made a mistake in a while
175
:and I dread making mistakes.
176
:This is a really good time if
you're listening to the podcast
177
:now to think, okay what would I do?
178
:What would be my thought process?
179
:And you can then have that
process ready to kick into action.
180
:Should you make a mistake going forward?
181
:And it's almost then I feel if you've
got a plan, if you make a mistake.
182
:It makes it easier to go through
that process and it makes it easier
183
:to push forward and do the things
that aren't as comfortable because
184
:if you make a mistake, it's okay.
185
:You know what you're going to do.
186
:You know how you can rectify that.
187
:Jacqui: It's brilliant advice and
it comes back to how our brains
188
:work because what you're describing
is a process of mental rehearsal.
189
:And the whole point of that is
exactly, as you say, that then when
190
:the situation happens for real, then
you've got a plan, your brain knows.
191
:I remember years ago when I was tiny, I
got lost twice in a supermarket and my
192
:parents taught me, if you can't see us
walk along the middle section and look
193
:left and look right into the aisles and
just keep doing that until you see us.
194
:You will always see us.
195
:So the next time it happened,
my brain had that advice.
196
:So that's what I did.
197
:So instead of ending up bawling my eyes
out at customer services like I had
198
:before, I'm then, my brain's got a plan.
199
:And that's such good advice for
so many different situations, but
200
:particularly because making mistakes
brings up all of that emotional
201
:stuff, having a plan for things that
could bring up a lot of emotion is
202
:incredibly valuable because then it
does kick in exactly as you describe.
203
:So yeah it's brilliant advice.
204
:And I think it's really helpful
for people to reflect on and to go,
205
:okay, what mistakes could happen?
206
:What have other people done?
207
:What else has happened?
208
:What's the worst thing that could happen?
209
:And if it happened, what would I do?
210
:Pam: Yeah.
211
:And I think that is the point, isn't it?
212
:If it does happen what will I do?
213
:And I suppose one of the senior leaders
that I used to work for quite a few
214
:years ago, his kind of philosophy
on making mistakes was fail fast,
215
:but let's just keep moving forward.
216
:Because, if we are going to grow as
people, if we're going to grow businesses,
217
:if we're going to really drive things
forward, then mistakes are inevitable.
218
:They're going to happen.
219
:And I absolutely love that advice
where he said fail fast, because
220
:what he was basically saying was, I
know you're going to make mistakes.
221
:And I know that things
are going to happen.
222
:But if you do that, if you go through
the process, you fail fast, you learn
223
:from it and we keep moving forward, that
is how we're going to grow the business.
224
:And that creates a real culture
of let's just keep moving forward.
225
:If we do fail, if we do make
a mistake, what happens, we
226
:don't need to overanalyze it.
227
:We just need to take the
learnings and keep moving forward.
228
:Jacqui: I think that's a really
important point because for most of
229
:our podcast listeners, they're already
in management or leadership roles, and
230
:it's such a good role model to be the
person that normalizes it for your team.
231
:And I think that's particularly hard
to do if you're in an organizational
232
:culture where that's not how
you feel you would be treated.
233
:Because you've got that fear that
if one of your team screws up, then
234
:that's going to reflect on you.
235
:But the more that you can create
that culture within your team, where
236
:you can normalize it, it makes it
easier for people to own up to stuff.
237
:It makes it easier for them to tell
you when it's happened so that you
238
:get, proper notice and you can then
seek to rectify what's happened.
239
:But like you say, more than
that, it's going to stretch
240
:and grow the team as a whole.
241
:That's the whole theory of growth mindset
is that the people who have the most
242
:success also have the most failures and
that without failure, then you don't
243
:learn, you don't get the feedback to
understand what's the better thing to do.
244
:Why does that work and that doesn't?
245
:How do I develop and grow?
246
:So I love that you had that from
a leader because I think very few
247
:people do have that role model.
248
:And so if you're listening to this
and you've got a team, you can
249
:be that role model for your team.
250
:Pam: Yeah.
251
:And I think that is amazing, isn't it?
252
:If you can start to implement
that into the way that you work.
253
:So your team have got
that feeling of safety.
254
:And also, they're able to drive the
business forward because they know
255
:they've got that level of safety
and they can learn and grow with it.
256
:I think one of the things that I did when
I was in a leadership position, I used, if
257
:my team made a mistake, It, I would always
take responsibility for that and I would
258
:always protect my team and always stand
forward and say, we've made a mistake.
259
:We're dealing with it.
260
:This is the action plan.
261
:And in the background, I'd be working
with that team member and making
262
:sure that they were okay, making
sure that they fully understood
263
:what's happened, why it's happened.
264
:And all also looking at
what the solutions were.
265
:And I found that quite easy to
do to take that responsibility.
266
:I didn't necessarily find it easy
to make those mistakes myself.
267
:So I would be really happy to take
responsibility for my team, but
268
:making mistakes from a personal
point of view would really affect me
269
:because like you say, it is stepping
outside your comfort zone, isn't it?
270
:And it was easy for me to take
responsibility for my team's
271
:mistakes, but not as easy for me
to accept and move through the
272
:mistakes that I've made myself.
273
:And you do get that feeling as
you're going through what will people
274
:think of me if I make a mistake?
275
:Will this make me look bad?
276
:Will it damage my reputation?
277
:I don't want people to think, bad things
about me or that I'm not up for the job.
278
:And all of these things that
used to go through my mind.
279
:But one of the things that I realized.
280
:Was that making mistakes, admitting
to them, dealing with them, sorting
281
:out what has gone wrong and getting
everything back on track actually
282
:helped build my reputation and helps
people to see me from the perspective of
283
:somebody who will keep moving forward,
somebody who's ambitious, somebody who
284
:will drive forward and achieve what
we need to achieve, but also somebody
285
:that will accept and admit to mistakes
and deal with them and resolve them.
286
:But that did take a while.
287
:I'm not going to say that was
something that came really easy
288
:to me because accepting my team
mistakes, that came easy to me.
289
:I could do that.
290
:I would take them under my wing.
291
:I would help them, support
them, coach them through it.
292
:But when it came to me, it
just, it didn't feel good.
293
:And it, it, at some point really
did knock my confidence as well.
294
:Jacqui: Just as you were describing there,
I was thinking back to the episode we
295
:did a few weeks ago about the difference
between confidence and self belief.
296
:And I think being able to understand
and I accept yourself despite
297
:having made mistakes is really
that fundamental self belief layer.
298
:It's that point of when
you're really okay with you.
299
:And who you are and what you're
about, then the fear of other
300
:people's judgment is lessened.
301
:The fear of making mistakes is lessened.
302
:When you are a bit fragile in terms of
your own belief in your potential and what
303
:you're capable of, then a mistake doesn't
just knock your confidence at a surface
304
:level, it actually chips away at your self
belief because it's more evidence to feed
305
:that story that you're telling yourself.
306
:And Of I'm not good enough.
307
:I'm not up to the job.
308
:What if people find out?
309
:And as you were talking, that's the thing
that struck me was how many times when
310
:you see people in organizations who are
the people who you would trust, that you'd
311
:want them on your side in an emergency.
312
:If it was panic stations, you'd
be like, Oh my God, I really want
313
:to be, I really want to be in
their camp if things go wrong.
314
:It is often the people who have
got themselves a reputation
315
:for being able to fix things.
316
:And why can they fix things?
317
:Because things go wrong.
318
:And so they openly will acknowledge
that something's gone wrong and they
319
:will move into that resolution mode.
320
:And that's the reputation that
you actually build for yourself.
321
:And I think when you keep that inside in
your own head, as opposed to acknowledging
322
:and admitting, you rob yourself of that
opportunity to build your self belief
323
:and build your external reputation.
324
:Because what you're focused on is this
kind of you know, Catastrophizing this
325
:story going on in your head of making
meaning from it, making a mistake
326
:mean that you're not good enough.
327
:Nobody said that mistake
means you're not good enough.
328
:You can tell yourself that story,
or you can say, okay, making a
329
:mistake means I need to find a way to
resolve it and I need to find a way
330
:to not make the same mistake again.
331
:And you can attach whatever meaning you
prefer, but I can tell you which one
332
:will be more helpful for your career.
333
:Pam: Yeah, and that is such
a good point, isn't it?
334
:Because I do feel like if you can get
your head around the fact that it is
335
:okay to make mistakes and create that
plan for yourself when you find yourself
336
:in that situation that you know what
to do, you know how to take action,
337
:you know that your head will be all
over the place, there'll be a million
338
:thoughts running through, through your
head and you just need to stop and go
339
:right, okay, what actually has happened?
340
:And one of the things I used to
do is ask myself in 12 months,
341
:will this really be a big deal.
342
:In five years, will I look back on
this and think this is the, like the
343
:worst mistake, I've ever made and that
sometimes puts it into perspective.
344
:Even if you think like next week,
will this even still be an issue?
345
:Sometimes you can build things up
and you go through the whole kinds
346
:of that stress of the mistake making
feeling and everybody that's listening,
347
:that's ever made a mistake will,
will know what I'm talking about.
348
:Like your heart sinks, you feel
sick, you can't think straight.
349
:But if you acknowledge and accept the
fact that's going to be part of your
350
:growth and you've got a plan to deal
with it, then I just feel like it does
351
:help you grow as a person, as a leader.
352
:And I definitely found that for me,
like when, obviously still making
353
:mistakes now isn't, it doesn't, still
doesn't feel great, because you're
354
:like, Oh, what have I done now?
355
:But, now, the way I deal with making
mistakes compared to me 10 years ago is
356
:completely different because I'm more
likely to look at it from a real logical
357
:perspective and, think my way around it
and give myself the space to do that.
358
:Whereas 10 years ago me would have
been running around like a headless
359
:chicken, what will people think of me,
probably even writing a resignation
360
:letter because I can't cope with
the fact that, I've messed up.
361
:In reality is probably or was
probably only something really small.
362
:Jacqui: And I think what can make it
harder is when the consequences and the
363
:ramifications of mistakes are significant.
364
:If you make a mistake that's got,
put a business or a section of a
365
:business at risk, in terms of, public
image or reputation, for example, or
366
:in terms of financial consequences,
or when you make a mistake that
367
:has an impact on a lot of people.
368
:So like I was saying about the HR
mistake of, if you send everybody's
369
:salaries that feels horrible because
It's not just you that it impacts, it's
370
:a lot of other people who are having
personal information accidentally shared.
371
:And I think those kinds of situations
do make it harder because we
372
:feel a sense of responsibility
for others and for the business.
373
:So sometimes it's harder if
the consequences are not on us.
374
:But I also just want to pick up on what
you said about stress, because certainly
375
:in my work with leaders over the last
couple of years, a huge amount of the
376
:leaders that I work with, when people are
at a senior level, there's this epidemic
377
:of people working crazy hours, not having
the boundaries that they need to have,
378
:desperately trying to prove themselves.
379
:And we did the episode on the stages
of burnout and I think it's really
380
:important as well to acknowledge that a
lot of mistakes come from the situation
381
:where people under constant pressure
and they feel this degree of stress
382
:for a prolonged period and they make,
and I think those again, people find
383
:harder to forgive themselves for things
that seem like they're tiny mistakes
384
:seem like why did I make that mistake?
385
:There's no logical reason why I made it.
386
:The logical reason why you made
that mistake could be that you
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:were under a stupid amount of
pressure for a prolonged period.
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:That's impacted how your brain's
functioning, how your nervous
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:system is functioning, and that's
the cause of what's happened.
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:And unless you address that, then
that's going to be the situation again.
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:So I think it's really important in
those types of scenarios where the
392
:impacts are elsewhere or where it
was an avoidable mistake that just
393
:you want to kick yourself for all to
actually be kind and compassionate
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:to yourself and to treat yourself.
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:If a friend, ask yourself that question,
if a friend of mine came and said they'd
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:done this, would I think less of them?
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:Would I kick them while they were down?
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:No, I wouldn't.
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:So be gentle with yourself when
those types of things happening.
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:Forgive yourself and be compassionate.
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:Pam: Yeah, that is really good advice.
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:Because I know in the past when I've
made mistakes, the first thing I'll
403
:do is tell myself how stupid I am.
404
:And, really start laying into
myself when actually that is not the
405
:time to be pulling yourself down.
406
:And, and you're right.
407
:Would you say that to a
friend who made a mistake?
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:No, you're not.
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:If a friend comes to you and
says, I've made a massive mistake
410
:then, or I've made a mistake.
411
:Then you're going to say okay, what is it?
412
:Let me see if I can help
you tell me about it.
413
:Let's see what we can do.
414
:You're not going to turn around and
start telling them how stupid they are,
415
:but you do that to yourself, don't you?
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:Just because it's almost
like that natural reaction.
417
:Jacqui: Yeah, absolutely.
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:And the other thing I would pick
up on from what you said before
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:was about that reflection time.
420
:Because again, when people are
really busy, reflection time
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:generally, gets sacrificed.
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:And also I think for a lot of leaders,
they're quite action oriented.
423
:They're quite future focused.
424
:And again, reflection can be the thing
that gets missed because it doesn't
425
:have an instantly realizable value.
426
:You don't know if you sit down
and spend an hour reflecting.
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:What's going to come from it or what
the value of that time is, if you
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:sit down and work for an hour on this
project, that's running behind, you
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:feel like you've got a sense of at
least I'll have progressed that project.
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:So I think people
undervalue reflection and.
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:I went away recently, the messages
I sent to you, you were like, what
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:the hell have you been drinking?
433
:Because I was only working part days.
434
:I wasn't doing any client work and
actually the creativity and the thoughts
435
:and kind of the ideas that fizzed when
I had time and space, it was a really
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:good reminder to me of the value of
headspace and time and reflection.
437
:So yeah, that's, I just wanted to pick
up on that, that you'd said as well.
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:Pam: Yeah, and , I do feel like that
is the key to everyone's personal
439
:development, giving themselves the
time and the space for that reflection.
440
:Because, oh, just Headspace,
just a little bit of space.
441
:And even if you feel like you've
got a million other things to do,
442
:it's just like going right now.
443
:I'm dedicating this time now, even
if it's just sitting there in silence
444
:or journaling, starting with a blank
page and just, writing one prompt
445
:at the top and just giving yourself
that space to download your brain.
446
:It just really helps with that creativity.
447
:And I do feel like that level of
reflection also helps if you have
448
:made a mistake, because rather than
burying it, if you go back over it,
449
:even if it feels uncomfortable and
awkward and you want to forget about
450
:it and it like a lot of the time.
451
:When you've made a mistake, it'll make
you cringe like going back over it you
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:know, I do just feel that there's a
lot of value in doing that because The
453
:more you can learn from that situation,
the better you will be in the future
454
:and the better you'll handle those
situations in the future as well.
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:Jacqui: Absolutely.
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:I feel like this is a topic we could
talk all day on, but that's going to
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:bring us to the end of the episode.
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:So as ever, thank you
so much for listening.
459
:We will be back next
week with another one.
460
:And in the meantime, if you know
of someone who would benefit from
461
:this episode or find it valuable,
then please do share it with them.
462
:And please do rate and review us
on your favorite podcast platforms.
463
:Thanks for listening and we'll
catch you again next time.